NBKRIST Java Hub

Problem Statement: Animal & Dog

Your task is to create two simple Java classes to represent an **Animal** and a **Dog**. This problem will help you understand **Inheritance** by showing how a Dog can inherit common traits from the Animal class.

Functional Requirements

• Animal Class: A basic animal should have a species (e.g., "Mammal") and a way to make a sound.
• Dog Class: A dog is a type of animal. It should inherit all the features of an animal and also have its own unique feature, like its breed.
• Actions:
  • The Animal should be able to "make a sound".
  • The Dog should be able to "fetch a ball".

Technical Requirements

• Create an Animal Class: This will be your parent class. It should have a public field for species and a public method makeSound() that prints "The animal makes a sound.".
• Create a Dog Class: This will be your child class. It must **inherit** from the Animal class using the extends keyword. It should have its own public field for breed and a public method fetch() that prints "The dog fetches the ball.".
• Demonstrate in Main: In your main method, create a single object of the Dog class.
  • Set the dog's species and breed.
  • Call both the makeSound() method (from the Animal class) and the fetch() method (from the Dog class) on the same dog object.

Testing Requirements

Your main method must demonstrate the program works by testing the following scenario:

1. Dog Object Test:
   • Create a Dog object and set its species to "Canine" and its breed to "Labrador".
   • Call the fetch() method. The output should confirm the dog is fetching.
   • Call the makeSound() method. The output should confirm the animal is making a sound.
   • This test shows that the Dog object has access to both its own methods and the methods it inherited from the Animal class.